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ความคิดเห็นที่ 15  เมื่อ 04 มิ.ย. 02, 13:03

 อือมมมมมม
อยากรู้ว่าแซ่ฉั่ว จีนกลางเรียกว่าอะไรคะ
เป็นแซ่ของก๋ง คิดว่ามีน้อยนะคะ ท่าจะไม่ติดทอปเทน

อ้อ คุณcraZyhorseคะ ขอเสนอแซ่ของแคะเพิ่มค่ะ
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ความคิดเห็นที่ 16  เมื่อ 04 มิ.ย. 02, 17:05

 แซ่ฉั่ว จีนกลางเรียกว่าตระกูล "ไช่" ครับ ผมว่าผมยังเห็นมีอยู่นะครับ
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ความคิดเห็นที่ 17  เมื่อ 04 มิ.ย. 02, 17:37


I had originally wanted to post something here a long time ago.. but didn't have the time to do so. Anyways, here are something that I found about Chinese last name.

Concerning Chinese last name... its purpose and meaning, the first thing that we must consider is that the concept and the usage of chinese last name has over time no doubt has changed and if we must learn or understand more about the Chinese last name we might as well start from the very beginning.

First of all, we must be introduced to the multiple origins of Chinese last name and their importance. "Xing4 Shi4" is a term that today is the more polite form of the word last name, but in the early periods of Chinese civilization, both characters possesses totally different cultural meaning and content. The character "Xing4" is comprised of two characters; "nu3" meaning woman and "sheng1" meaning birth, from this combination it is not difficult to guess that "xing4" means being born to a particular woman. This concept of belonging by birth to a woman goes to reflect that perhaps at an early part in Chinese civilization the left over influence of the maternalistic culture where by the clan or the group of people together is dominated by a female matriach is very storng. In order to maintain the continuation and prosperity of the group heirs are needed but due to the undesired effects of inbreeding a measure preventing breeding within the same group... the use of "xing4" was adopted. Thus, a rough picture can be drawn of this period where people goes by being indentified first by their "xing4" taking their last names from their mother and their mother's mother and so on.

"shi4" is another character that also tells us a lot about the development and changes in Chinese civilization. "shi4" which also means last name denotes a particular shift away from the maternalistic social structure and the maturity of the paternalistic culture. With the male later on taking the leading role in leading the community  and group living together esp. in conflict resolution, in order to create a bigger and stronger community... more people were needed ( perhaps the early sublimental existence of the concept of economy of scale ) and in order to achieve that goal... assimilation through marriage is amongst one of the measusres adopted. With more people being born, in order to prevent in breeding... and one has to keep in mind that it is now the men who are going around and having plenty of women, it is perhaps then natural to adopt last names which follows the name of the father in order to keep the offsprings of the same father from becoming husband and wife.

So from the term "xing4 shi4" we first can track a trajectory of change through the chinese cultural history from the maternalistic remains to the rise and maturity of the paternalistic society. And as the center of this transformation is the issue of procreation, and the dominance in society of the sexes.

From here on, with the historical concept of last name being already explained. We will follow up with the details of the chinese last name system that has been in place even before the times of the "San1 Huang2 Wu3 Di4" ( the era of chinese mythological king rulers [the chinese are trying to prove their existence through various research programs and projects]). First of all, with more and more people, it is not possible to effectively control the social behaviours of each members through informal means and thus a sysytem of some sort must be invented, the objective of the last name system is to prevent inbreeding. Second, the different last names and their creation. I personally am not sure about the creation of the "xing4", but concerning "shi4", it can be roughly described as such;

1. use "xing4" as "shi4"
2. use the name of the your country of residence as "shi4"
3.use the name of your locality as "shi4"
4. use the name of your profession and title as "shi4"
5. use the name of your ancestor as "shi4"
6. given the use of aparticular "shi4" by the emperor
7. use the name of colors as "shi4"
8.use the name of seasons as "shi4"
9. use the name of order of birth as "shi4"  
10.in the case of minorities they sometimes borrow a single chinese character and use it as their "shi4" like the "Tuo1 Ba1" uses the character "Yuan" (not 100% sure cos it is from memory)  

etc...

Hope that the above can give those interested more or less a better understanding of the chinese concept of last name, its origin, content, development, and content.
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